GRB 211221A
GCN Circular 31273
Subject
GRB 211221A: Swift detection of a burst
Date
2021-12-21T21:04:45Z (3 years ago)
From
David Palmer at LANL <palmer@lanl.gov>
K. L. Page (U Leicester), S. D. Barthelmy (GSFC), S. B. Cenko (GSFC),
J.D. Gropp (PSU), J. A. Kennea (PSU),
N. J. Klingler (GSFC/UMBC/CRESSTII), F. E. Marshall (NASA/GSFC),
D. M. Palmer (LANL) and B. Sbarufatti (PSU) report on behalf of the
Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory Team:
At 20:48:40 UT, the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) triggered and
located GRB 211221A (trigger=1090472). Swift slewed immediately to the burst.
The BAT on-board calculated location is
RA, Dec 78.938, +0.940 which is
RA(J2000) = 05h 15m 45s
Dec(J2000) = +00d 56' 25"
with an uncertainty of 3 arcmin (radius, 90% containment, including
systematic uncertainty). The BAT light curve showed a complex peak
structure with a duration of about 20 sec. The peak count rate
was ~1700 counts/sec (15-350 keV), at ~3 sec after the trigger.
The XRT began observing the field at 20:49:34.9 UT, 54.1 seconds after
the BAT trigger. Using promptly downlinked data we find a bright,
uncatalogued X-ray source located at RA, Dec 78.89820, 0.91421 which is
equivalent to:
RA(J2000) = 05h 15m 35.57s
Dec(J2000) = +00d 54' 51.2"
with an uncertainty of 3.7 arcseconds (radius, 90% containment). This
location is 170 arcseconds from the BAT onboard position, within the
BAT error circle. This position may be improved as more data are
received; the latest position is available at
https://www.swift.ac.uk/sper.
A power-law fit to a spectrum formed from promptly downlinked event
data gives a column density in excess of the Galactic value (1.37 x
10^21 cm^-2, Willingale et al. 2013), with an excess column of 9
(+4.75/-2.44) x 10^21 cm^-2 (90% confidence).
The initial flux in the 2.5 s image was 6.82e-10 erg cm^-2 s^-1 (0.2-10
keV).
UVOT took a finding chart exposure of 150 seconds with the White filter
starting 63 seconds after the BAT trigger. No credible afterglow candidate has
been found in the initial data products. The 2.7'x2.7' sub-image covers 100% of
the XRT error circle. The typical 3-sigma upper limit has been about 19.6 mag.
The 8'x8' region for the list of sources generated on-board covers 100% of the
XRT error circle. The list of sources is typically complete to about 18 mag. No
correction has been made for the expected extinction corresponding to E(B-V) of
0.143.
Burst Advocate for this burst is K. L. Page (kimlpage1978 AT gmail.com).
Please contact the BA by email if you require additional information
regarding Swift followup of this burst. In extremely urgent cases, after
trying the Burst Advocate, you can contact the Swift PI by phone (see
Swift TOO web site for information: http://www.swift.psu.edu/)
GCN Circular 31274
Subject
Swift GRB 211221A: Global MASTER-Net observations report
Date
2021-12-22T00:56:25Z (3 years ago)
From
Vladimir Lipunov at Moscow State U/Krylov Obs <lipunov@xray.sai.msu.ru>
V. Lipunov, V.Kornilov, E.Gorbovskoy, K.Zhirkov, N.Tyurina, P.Balanutsa, A.Kuznetsov,
D. Vlasenko, G.Antipov, D.Zimnukhov, V.Senik, T.Pogrosheva, E.Minkina,
A.Chasovnikov, V.Topolev, V.Grinshpun, D.Kuvshinov, D. Cheryasov
(Lomonosov Moscow State University, SAI, Physics Department),
R. Podesta, C.Lopez, F. Podesta, C.Francile
(Observatorio Astronomico Felix Aguilar OAFA),
R. Rebolo, M. Serra
(The Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias),
D. Buckley
(South African Astronomical Observatory),
O.A. Gres, N.M. Budnev
(Irkutsk State University, API),
A. Tlatov, D. Dormidontov
(Kislovodsk Solar Station of the Pulkovo Observatory),
A. Gabovich, V.Yurkov
(Blagoveschensk Educational State University)
MASTER-Kislovodsk robotic telescope (Global MASTER-Net: http://observ.pereplet.ru, Lipunov et al., 2010, Advances in Astronomy, vol. 2010, 30L) located in Russia (Lomonosov MSU, Kislovodsk Solar Station of Pulkovo observatory) was pointed to the Swift GRB 211221A ( K. L. Page et al., GCN 31273) errorbox 3401 sec after notice time and 3560 sec after trigger time at 2021-12-21 21:48:01 UT, with upper limit up to 14.8 mag. The observations began at zenith distance = 46 deg. The sun altitude is -68.8 deg.
MASTER-OAFA robotic telescope located in Argentina (OAFA observatory of San Juan National University) was pointed to the Swift GRB 211221A errorbox 13726 sec after notice time and 13885 sec after trigger time at 2021-12-22 00:40:06 UT, with upper limit up to 16.7 mag. Observations started at twilight. The observations began at zenith distance = 54 deg. The sun altitude is -12.1 deg.
The galactic latitude b = -20 deg., longitude l = 201 deg.
Real time updated cover map and OT discovered available here:
https://master.sai.msu.ru/site/master2/observ.php?id=1823335
We obtain a following upper limits.
Tmid-T0 | Site |Filt.| Expt. | Limit| Comment
_________|_____________________|_____|_______|______|________
3651 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 12.7 |
3651 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 12.2 |
3851 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 13.0 |
3851 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 13.4 |
4052 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 14.2 |
4052 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 14.2 |
4252 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 14.8 |
4252 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 14.5 |
4453 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 14.4 |
4453 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 13.5 |
10415 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 14.5 |
10896 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 13.8 |
10896 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 14.4 |
11497 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 13.4 |
11497 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 13.1 |
11897 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 13.5 |
12787 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 14.1 |
12787 | MASTER-Kislovodsk | C | 180 | 14.1 |
13976 | MASTER-OAFA | C | 180 | 16.7 |
Filter C is a clear (unfiltred) band.
The observation and reduction will continue.
The message may be cited.
GCN Circular 31275
Subject
GRB 211221A: Enhanced Swift-XRT position
Date
2021-12-22T01:29:16Z (3 years ago)
From
Phil Evans at U of Leicester <pae9@leicester.ac.uk>
P.A. Evans, M.R. Goad, J.P. Osborne and A.P. Beardmore (U. Leicester)
report on behalf of the Swift-XRT team.
Using 892 s of XRT Photon Counting mode data and 2 UVOT
images for GRB 211221A, we find an astrometrically corrected X-ray
position (using the XRT-UVOT alignment and matching UVOT field sources
to the USNO-B1 catalogue): RA, Dec = 78.89745, +0.91449 which is equivalent
to:
RA (J2000): 05h 15m 35.39s
Dec (J2000): +00d 54' 52.2"
with an uncertainty of 2.2 arcsec (radius, 90% confidence).
This position may be improved as more data are received. The latest
position can be viewed at http://www.swift.ac.uk/xrt_positions. Position
enhancement is described by Goad et al. (2007, A&A, 476, 1401) and Evans
et al. (2009, MNRAS, 397, 1177).
This circular was automatically generated, and is an official product of the
Swift-XRT team.
GCN Circular 31276
Subject
GRB 211221A: NOT optical limits
Date
2021-12-22T01:41:13Z (3 years ago)
From
Daniele B Malesani at Radboud U <d.malesani@astro.ru.nl>
D. B. Malesani (Univ. Radboud and DAWN/NBI), Z. Zhu (NAOC/CAS), A.
Viitanen (Univ. Helsinki and NOT), E. Biancalani (Leiden Obs. and NOT)
report on behalf of a larger collaboration:
We observed the field of the solstice GRB 211221A (Page et al., GCN
31273) using the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT) equipped with the ALFOSC
camera. Observations were carried out under good conditions in the r and
z bands, with mean times 2021 Dec 22.00 and 22.01 UT, respectively (3.2
and 3.5 hr after the GRB). The exposure times were 3x300 (in r) and
5x200 s (in z).
We detect no new objects inside or close to the UVOT-enhanced XRT error
circle (Evans et al., GCN 31275), down to (preliminary) limits:
r > 23.5 AB
z > 23.0 AB
Calibration of the photometry is relative to nearby stars from the
Pan-STARRS catalogue.
GCN Circular 31277
Subject
GRB 211221A: MeerLICHT optical limits
Date
2021-12-22T10:54:04Z (3 years ago)
From
Simon de Wet at UCT <dwtsim002@myuct.ac.za>
P.J. Groot (Radboud/UCT/SAAO), S. de Wet (UCT), D. B. Malesani
(Radboud/DAWN,NBI),
P.M. Vreeswijk (Radboud), report on behalf of the MeerLICHT consortium:
The position of GRB211221A (Page et al., GCN 31273; Evans et al., GCN
31275; Lipunov et al., GCN 31274; Malesani et al., GCN 31276) was
observed with the 0.6m wide-field MeerLICHT telescope, located at
Sutherland, South Africa, starting at 2021-12-22, 00:24 UT,
approximately 3.5 hr after the detection by Swift. A series of 60s
observations in the u,g,q,r,i,z bands was started that lasted until
2021-12-22, 01:21 UT. All data was processed automatically using the
BlackBOX/ZOGY pipeline (Vreeswijk et al, forthcoming). Cloudy
conditions prevented observations earlier in the night.
Co-adding the single exposures in each filter leads to deeper 3-sigma
AB-magnitude limits at the Swift-XRT position reported by
Evans et al. (GCN 31275) of:
u > 19.97 at 00:51:03 UT
g > 20.55 at 01:02:18 UT
q > 21.85 at 00:59:14 UT
r > 20.67 at 00:56:55 UT
i > 20.32 at 00:52:09 UT
z > 19.70 at 00:56:24 UT.
These limits are consistent with those reported by Malesani et
al. (GCN 31276) taken at the same time.
MeerLICHT is built and run by a consortium consisting of Radboud
University, University of Cape Town, the South African Astronomical
Observatory, the University of Oxford, the University of Manchester
and the University of Amsterdam
GCN Circular 31279
Subject
GRB 211221A: BOOTES-4/MET optical upper limit
Date
2021-12-22T13:49:01Z (3 years ago)
From
Youdong HU at IAA-CSIC <huyoudong072@hotmail.com>
Y.-D. Hu, T.-R. Sun, A. J. Castro-Tirado, E. Fernandez-Garcia, M. D. Caballero-Garcia, R. Sanchez-Ramirez, M. A. Castro Tirado (IAA-CSIC), C. Perez del Pulgar, A. Castellon, I. Carrasco (Univ. de Malaga), S. Guziy (Univ. of Nikolaev) and D. R. Xiong, Y. F. Fan, J. M. Bai, C. J. Wang, Y. X. Xin, X. H. Zhao (Yunnan Observatories of CAS) on behalf of a larger collaboration, report:
Following the detection of GRB 211221A by Swift (Page et al. GCNC 31273), the 0.6m BOOTES-4/MET robotic telescope at Lijiang Astronomical Observatory (China) automatically responded to this burst starting on Dec. 21 at 20:51:37 UT (~177 sec after trigger). No new source is detected at the position reported by Swift-XRT (Page et al. GCNC 31273) which down to 19.7 mag in the co-added image of first achieved 10 x 20 s exposure frames in the clear filter. This non-detection is consistent with the reports from UVOT (Page et al. GCNC 31273), MASTER (Lipunov et al. GCNC 31274), NOT (Malesani et al. GCNC 31276) and MeerLICHT (Groot et al. GCNC 31277).
We thank the staff at Lijiang observatory for their excellent support.
GCN Circular 31281
Subject
GRB 211221A: Swift-XRT refined Analysis
Date
2021-12-22T22:38:35Z (3 years ago)
From
Phil Evans at U of Leicester <pae9@leicester.ac.uk>
M. Capalbi (INAF-IASFPA), M. Perri (SSDC & INAF-OAR), V. D'Elia (SSDC &
INAF-OAR), J. D. Gropp (PSU), J.A. Kennea (PSU), A. Tohuvavohu (U.
Toronto), A.P. Beardmore (U. Leicester), P.A. Evans (U. Leicester) and
K.L. Page report on behalf of the Swift-XRT team:
We have analysed 5.9 ks of XRT data for GRB 211221A (Page et al. GCN
Circ. 31273), from 44 s to 73.7 ks after the BAT trigger. The data
comprise 52 s in Windowed Timing (WT) mode (the first 8 s were taken
while Swift was slewing) with the remainder in Photon Counting (PC)
mode. The enhanced XRT position for this burst was given by Evans et
al. (GCN Circ. 31275).
The light curve can be modelled with a power-law decay with a decay
index of alpha=1.02 (+0.05, -0.04).
A spectrum formed from the PC mode data can be fitted with an absorbed
power-law with a photon spectral index of 1.59 (+0.31, -0.29). The
best-fitting absorption column is 1.1 (+0.4, -0.3) x 10^22 cm^-2, in
excess of the Galactic value of 1.4 x 10^21 cm^-2 (Willingale et al.
2013). The counts to observed (unabsorbed) 0.3-10 keV flux conversion
factor deduced from this spectrum is 6.2 x 10^-11 (9.0 x 10^-11) erg
cm^-2 count^-1.
A summary of the PC-mode spectrum is thus:
Total column: 1.1 (+0.4, -0.3) x 10^22 cm^-2
Galactic foreground: 1.4 x 10^21 cm^-2
Excess significance: 5.0 sigma
Photon index: 1.59 (+0.31, -0.29)
The results of the XRT-team automatic analysis are available at
http://www.swift.ac.uk/xrt_products/01090472.
This circular is an official product of the Swift-XRT team.
GCN Circular 31285
Subject
GRB 211221A: NUTTelA-TAO / BSTI Early Optical Limits (Preliminary)
Date
2021-12-23T04:17:37Z (3 years ago)
From
Toktarkhan Komesh at Nazarbayev University <toktarkhan.komesh@nu.edu.kz>
T. Komesh (NU), B. Grossan (UCB, NU), Z. Maksut (NU), M. Krugov (FAI),��
E. Linder (UCB, NU), E. Abdikamalov (NU), G. F. Smoot (HKUST, UCB, NU),
report on behalf of the Energetic Cosmos Laboratory:
The Nazarbayev University Transient Telescope at Assy-Turgen
Astrophysical Observatory (NUTTelA-TAO) observed the field of GRB
211221A 19 s after receipt an automated GCN / BAT position alert,
observing in Sloan i' band, with the Burst Simultaneous Three-Channel
Imager (BSTI; Grossan, Kumar & Smoot 2019, JHEA, 32, 14).
We started observations at 20:51:35 UT on 2021-12-21, 175 s after the
BAT trigger. Observations were made in clear conditions starting at
about 30 deg. target altitude. No source consistent with the XRT (P.
Evans et al., GCN Circ. 31275) was detected.�� We report the following
results:
start time������ t-t0(s)�� end time�������������� ULi'������������ exposure_time (s)
------------������ --------�� ------------������������������ ------ --------------------
20:51:35 ������ 175 �� 20:52:35 ���������������� 17.9 ������������������ 60
20:52:50 ������ 257 �� 22:12:50 ���������������� 18.4 �������������� 150
start time is in UT. t-t0(s) gives the time since trigger, in seconds.
UL i', gives the 5 sigma upper limit sensitivity in magnitudes, for
images co-added to the given exposure time. The first row in the table
corresponds to co-adds of an initial short exposure image sequence of
7.5 s. The second row corresponds to co-adds from a continuing series of
15 s exposures.�� Calibration was done with the 3 bright Pan-STARRS
catalog stars on our images.
We caution the reader that these are preliminary results, without color
or other corrections. Please also note that times are approximate.
----------------------------------
NU = Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
UCB = University of California, Berkeley, USA
HKUST = Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
FAI = Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute, Kazakhstan
The NUTTelA-TAO Team acknowledges the support of the staff of the
Assy-Turgen Astrophysical Observatory, Almaty, Kazakhstan, and the
Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute, Almaty, Kazkhstan.
GCN Circular 31289
Subject
GRB 211221A: Swift-BAT refined analysis
Date
2021-12-23T15:01:27Z (3 years ago)
From
Tyler Parsotan at UMBC/GSFC/CRESST II <parsotat@umbc.edu>
S. D. Barthelmy (GSFC), H. A. Krimm (NSF), S. Laha (GSFC/UMBC), A. Y. Lien
(U Tampa), C. B. Markwardt (GSFC), D. M. Palmer (LANL), T. Parsotan
(GSFC/UMBC), T. Sakamoto (AGU), M. Stamatikos (OSU), (i.e. the Swift-BAT
team):
Using the data set from T-239 to T+963 sec sec from the recent telemetry
downlink, we report further analysis of BAT GRB 211221A (trigger #1090472)
(Page et al., GCN 31273). The BAT ground-calculated position is RA, Dec =
78.906, 0.902 deg which is
RA(J2000) = 05h 15m 37.4s
Dec(J2000) = +00d 54' 06.2"
with an uncertainty of 2.6 arcmin, (radius, sys+stat, 90% containment). The
partial coding was 97%.
The BAT light curve showed a complex peak structure with a duration of
about 20 sec. There may be hints of precursor activity and low-level
post-peak emission from the GRB as seen in the mask weighted light curve.
The post-peak emission lasts beyond the available event data (which ends at
T+963). T90 (15-350 keV) is 671.67 +- 105.96 sec (estimated error including
systematics).
The time-averaged spectrum from T-129.40 to T+688.36 sec is best fit by a
simple power-law model. The power law index of the time-averaged spectrum
is 1.48 +- 0.13. The fluence in the 15-150 keV band is 4.0 +- 0.3 x 10^-06
erg/cm2. The 1-sec peak photon flux measured from T-0.27 sec in the 15-150
keV band is 0.5 +- 0.1 ph/cm2/sec. All the quoted errors are at the 90%
confidence level.
The results of the batgrbproduct analysis are available at
http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/notices_s/1090472/BA/
GCN Circular 31291
Subject
Fermi GBM Sub-Threshold Detection of GRB 211221A
Date
2021-12-23T15:05:00Z (3 years ago)
From
Cori Fletcher at USRA <cfletcher@usra.edu>
C. Fletcher (USRA) reports on behalf of the Fermi-GBM Team:
Swift-BAT detected GRB 211221A at 20:48:40 UT (GCN 31273). There was no
Fermi-GBM onboard trigger around the event.
An automated, blind search for short gamma-ray bursts below the onboard
triggering threshold in Fermi-GBM identified no counterparts.
The GBM targeted search [1], the most sensitive, coherent search for
GRB-like signals identified a transient most significantly on the 8.192 s
timescale, with a location consistent with the Swift-BAT event and
a S/N of 21, using the standard search protocol.
The GBM targeted search event was found with the highest
significance with a "normal" spectrum (Band function with
Epeak = 230 keV, alpha = -1.0, beta = -2.3) for a GRB.
[1] Goldstein et al. 2019 arXiv:1903.12597
GCN Circular 31317
Subject
GRB 211221A: Swift/UVOT Upper Limits
Date
2021-12-28T00:14:08Z (3 years ago)
From
Mike Siegel at PSU/Swift MOC <mhs18@psu.edu>
M. H. Siegel (PSU) and K. L. Page (U. Leicester)
report on behalf of the Swift/UVOT team:
The Swift/UVOT began settled observations of the field of GRB 211221A
63 s after the BAT trigger (Page et al., GCN Circ. 31273).
No optical afterglow consistent with the XRT position (Evans et al.
GCN Circ. 31275) is detected in the initial UVOT exposures.
Preliminary 3-sigma upper limits using the UVOT photometric system
(Breeveld et al. 2011, AIP Conf. Proc. 1358, 373) for the first
finding chart (FC) exposure and subsequent exposures are:
Filter T_start(s) T_stop(s) Exp(s) Mag
white_FC 63 213 147 >20.7
u_FC 275 525 246 >20.1
white 63 1010 317 >21.1
v 606 799 39 >18.6
b 531 724 39 >19.4
u 275 872 285 >20.0
w1 655 848 39 >18.1
m2 631 650 19 >17.8
w2 582 774 39 >19.0
The magnitudes in the table are not corrected for the Galactic extinction
due to the reddening of E(B-V) = 0.143 in the direction of the burst
(Schlegel et al. 1998).
GCN Circular 31503
Subject
GRB 211221A: No V & R detection, KAO telescope
Date
2022-01-20T13:50:20Z (3 years ago)
From
Ahmed Fouad at NRIAG <ahmed.fouad@nriag.sci.eg>
Ahmed M. Fouad, Ali Takey & Yosry Azzam at KAO observatory, Egypt report:
The observation of GRB 211221A started on 2021-12-21 from 22:25:01 UT to
23:10:10 UT,
i.e. 1hr_36m_21s to 2hr_21m_30s after the BAT trigger (Evans et al. GCN
Circ. 31273).
No detection of the afterglow in the optical Bessel V & R bands consistent
with the XRT position,
the magnitude limit in the GRB field according to the faintest objects is V
= 22.92 & R = 22.15.
The instrumental magnitudes were computed using aperture photometry in
photutils (python package).